The Clover plugin is the place where Clover tools are found in Maven.
Clover is a tool that generates Test Coverage reports. It is free for non-commercial use. If your project is a commercial project you will need to get a license for the Clover jar before using this plugin.
There are 3 possible ways of running the plugin:
clover goal or
          add the maven-clover-plugin report to the reports
          section in your POM. This will instrument your source code, run your 
          project's tests on the cloverified code and generate Clover reports. Note that 
          if you're in a multiproject setup, you must set the 
          maven.clover.multiproject property to true in your master
          project. Doing so will automatically gather Clover data from all your subprojects
          and aggregate them in a master project report.
        clover:test which will 
          instrument your source code and run your project's tests on the cloverified code.
          Alternatively you can call clover:multiproject to run the
          clover:test goal on all your subprojects in you're in a multiproject
          setup. You'll then need to call clover:report to generate the reports.
        clover:on followed by whatever other
          goal you wish (for example maven clover:on war.) This will instrument
          your source code. Then you'll run any goal that tests your artifacts. For example
          in the case of a WAR you can use HttpUnit/HtmlUnit to run functional tests. The
          test of your artifact will fill the Clover database with data. Finally you'll run
          clover:report to generate the reports.