The install plugin can include a pre-built custom POM with the artifact in the local repository. Just set the value of the pomFile parameter to the path of the custom POM.
mvn install:install-file -Dfile=path-to-your-artifact-jar \
-DgroupId=your.groupId \
-DartifactId=your-artifactId \
-Dversion=version \
-Dpackaging=jar \
-DpomFile=path-to-pom