package org.apache.maven.doxia.parser;
   
   /*
    * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
    * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
    * distributed with this work for additional information
    * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
    * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
    * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
   * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
   *
   *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
   *
   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
   * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
   * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
   * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
   * specific language governing permissions and limitations
   * under the License.
   */
  
  import java.io.BufferedReader;
  import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
  import java.io.File;
  import java.io.FileOutputStream;
  import java.io.IOException;
  import java.io.InputStream;
  import java.io.OutputStream;
  import java.io.Reader;
  import java.io.StringReader;
  import java.net.URL;
  import java.util.Hashtable;
  import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
  import java.util.Locale;
  import java.util.Map;
  import java.util.regex.Matcher;
  import java.util.regex.Pattern;
  
  import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
  import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
  import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
  import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
  import org.apache.http.client.HttpRequestRetryHandler;
  import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
  import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
  import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler;
  import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
  
  import org.apache.maven.doxia.macro.MacroExecutionException;
  import org.apache.maven.doxia.markup.XmlMarkup;
  import org.apache.maven.doxia.sink.Sink;
  import org.apache.maven.doxia.sink.SinkEventAttributeSet;
  import org.apache.maven.doxia.util.HtmlTools;
  import org.apache.maven.doxia.util.XmlValidator;
  
  import org.codehaus.plexus.util.FileUtils;
  import org.codehaus.plexus.util.IOUtil;
  import org.codehaus.plexus.util.StringUtils;
  import org.codehaus.plexus.util.xml.pull.MXParser;
  import org.codehaus.plexus.util.xml.pull.XmlPullParser;
  import org.codehaus.plexus.util.xml.pull.XmlPullParserException;
  
  import org.xml.sax.EntityResolver;
  import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
  import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
  
  /**
   * An abstract class that defines some convenience methods for <code>XML</code> parsers.
   *
   * @author <a href="mailto:vincent.siveton@gmail.com">Vincent Siveton</a>
   * @version $Id: AbstractXmlParser.java 1465336 2013-04-07 07:39:00Z hboutemy $
   * @since 1.0
   */
  public abstract class AbstractXmlParser
      extends AbstractParser
      implements XmlMarkup
  {
      /**
       * Entity pattern for HTML entity, i.e. &#38;nbsp;
       * "<!ENTITY(\\s)+([^>|^\\s]+)(\\s)+\"(\\s)*(&[a-zA-Z]{2,6};)(\\s)*\"(\\s)*>
       * <br/>
       * see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#NT-EntityDecl">http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#NT-EntityDecl</a>.
       */
      private static final Pattern PATTERN_ENTITY_1 =
          Pattern.compile( ENTITY_START + "(\\s)+([^>|^\\s]+)(\\s)+\"(\\s)*(&[a-zA-Z]{2,6};)(\\s)*\"(\\s)*>" );
  
      /**
       * Entity pattern for Unicode entity, i.e. &#38;#38;
       * "<!ENTITY(\\s)+([^>|^\\s]+)(\\s)+\"(\\s)*(&(#x?[0-9a-fA-F]{1,5};)*)(\\s)*\"(\\s)*>"
       * <br/>
       * see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#NT-EntityDecl">http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#NT-EntityDecl</a>.
       */
      private static final Pattern PATTERN_ENTITY_2 =
          Pattern.compile( ENTITY_START + "(\\s)+([^>|^\\s]+)(\\s)+\"(\\s)*(&(#x?[0-9a-fA-F]{1,5};)*)(\\s)*\"(\\s)*>" );
  
      private boolean ignorableWhitespace;
  
      private boolean collapsibleWhitespace;
  
     private boolean trimmableWhitespace;
 
     private Map<String, String> entities;
 
     private boolean validate = false;
 
     /** {@inheritDoc} */
     public void parse( Reader source, Sink sink )
         throws ParseException
     {
         init();
 
         Reader src = source;
 
         // 1 first parsing if validation is required
         if ( isValidate() )
         {
             String content;
             try
             {
                 content = IOUtil.toString( new BufferedReader( src ) );
             }
             catch ( IOException e )
             {
                 throw new ParseException( "Error reading the model: " + e.getMessage(), e );
             }
 
             new XmlValidator( getLog() ).validate( content );
 
             src = new StringReader( content );
         }
 
         // 2 second parsing to process
         try
         {
             XmlPullParser parser = new MXParser();
 
             parser.setInput( src );
             
             // allow parser initialization, e.g. for additional entities in XHTML
             // Note: do it after input is set, otherwise values are reset
             initXmlParser( parser );
 
             sink.enableLogging( getLog() );
 
             parseXml( parser, sink );
         }
         catch ( XmlPullParserException ex )
         {
             throw new ParseException( "Error parsing the model: " + ex.getMessage(), ex, ex.getLineNumber(),
                                       ex.getColumnNumber() );
         }
         catch ( MacroExecutionException ex )
         {
             throw new ParseException( "Macro execution failed: " + ex.getMessage(), ex );
         }
 
         setSecondParsing( false );
         init();
     }
     
     /**
      * Initializes the parser with custom entities or other options.
      *
      * @param parser A parser, not null.
      * @throws org.codehaus.plexus.util.xml.pull.XmlPullParserException if there's a problem initializing the parser
      */
     protected void initXmlParser( XmlPullParser parser )
         throws XmlPullParserException
     {
         // nop
     }
 
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc}
      *
      * Convenience method to parse an arbitrary string and emit any xml events into the given sink.
      */
     @Override
     public void parse( String string, Sink sink )
         throws ParseException
     {
         super.parse( string, sink );
     }
 
     /** {@inheritDoc} */
     @Override
     public final int getType()
     {
         return XML_TYPE;
     }
 
     /**
      * Converts the attributes of the current start tag of the given parser to a SinkEventAttributeSet.
      *
      * @param parser A parser, not null.
      * @return a SinkEventAttributeSet or null if the current parser event is not a start tag.
      * @since 1.1
      */
     protected SinkEventAttributeSet getAttributesFromParser( XmlPullParser parser )
     {
         int count = parser.getAttributeCount();
 
         if ( count < 0 )
         {
             return null;
         }
 
         SinkEventAttributeSet atts = new SinkEventAttributeSet( count );
 
         for ( int i = 0; i < count; i++ )
         {
             atts.addAttribute( parser.getAttributeName( i ), parser.getAttributeValue( i ) );
         }
 
         return atts;
     }
 
     /**
      * Parse the model from the XmlPullParser into the given sink.
      *
      * @param parser A parser, not null.
      * @param sink the sink to receive the events.
      * @throws org.codehaus.plexus.util.xml.pull.XmlPullParserException if there's a problem parsing the model
      * @throws org.apache.maven.doxia.macro.MacroExecutionException if there's a problem executing a macro
      */
     private void parseXml( XmlPullParser parser, Sink sink )
         throws XmlPullParserException, MacroExecutionException
     {
         int eventType = parser.getEventType();
 
         while ( eventType != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT )
         {
             if ( eventType == XmlPullParser.START_TAG )
             {
                 handleStartTag( parser, sink );
             }
             else if ( eventType == XmlPullParser.END_TAG )
             {
                 handleEndTag( parser, sink );
             }
             else if ( eventType == XmlPullParser.TEXT )
             {
                 String text = getText( parser );
 
                 if ( isIgnorableWhitespace() )
                 {
                     if ( text.trim().length() != 0 )
                     {
                         handleText( parser, sink );
                     }
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     handleText( parser, sink );
                 }
             }
             else if ( eventType == XmlPullParser.CDSECT )
             {
                 handleCdsect( parser, sink );
             }
             else if ( eventType == XmlPullParser.COMMENT )
             {
                 handleComment( parser, sink );
             }
             else if ( eventType == XmlPullParser.ENTITY_REF )
             {
                 handleEntity( parser, sink );
             }
             else if ( eventType == XmlPullParser.IGNORABLE_WHITESPACE )
             {
                 // nop
             }
             else if ( eventType == XmlPullParser.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION )
             {
                 // nop
             }
             else if ( eventType == XmlPullParser.DOCDECL )
             {
                 addLocalEntities( parser, parser.getText() );
 
                 for ( byte[] res : CachedFileEntityResolver.ENTITY_CACHE.values() )
                 {
                     addDTDEntities( parser, new String( res ) );
                 }
             }
 
             try
             {
                 eventType = parser.nextToken();
             }
             catch ( IOException io )
             {
                 throw new XmlPullParserException( "IOException: " + io.getMessage(), parser, io );
             }
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * Goes through the possible start tags.
      *
      * @param parser A parser, not null.
      * @param sink the sink to receive the events.
      * @throws org.codehaus.plexus.util.xml.pull.XmlPullParserException if there's a problem parsing the model
      * @throws org.apache.maven.doxia.macro.MacroExecutionException if there's a problem executing a macro
      */
     protected abstract void handleStartTag( XmlPullParser parser, Sink sink )
         throws XmlPullParserException, MacroExecutionException;
 
     /**
      * Goes through the possible end tags.
      *
      * @param parser A parser, not null.
      * @param sink the sink to receive the events.
      * @throws org.codehaus.plexus.util.xml.pull.XmlPullParserException if there's a problem parsing the model
      * @throws org.apache.maven.doxia.macro.MacroExecutionException if there's a problem executing a macro
      */
     protected abstract void handleEndTag( XmlPullParser parser, Sink sink )
         throws XmlPullParserException, MacroExecutionException;
 
     /**
      * Handles text events.
      *
      * <p>This is a default implementation, if the parser points to a non-empty text element,
      * it is emitted as a text event into the specified sink.</p>
      *
      * @param parser A parser, not null.
      * @param sink the sink to receive the events. Not null.
      * @throws org.codehaus.plexus.util.xml.pull.XmlPullParserException if there's a problem parsing the model
      */
     protected void handleText( XmlPullParser parser, Sink sink )
         throws XmlPullParserException
     {
         String text = getText( parser );
 
         /*
          * NOTE: Don't do any whitespace trimming here. Whitespace normalization has already been performed by the
          * parser so any whitespace that makes it here is significant.
          */
         if ( StringUtils.isNotEmpty( text ) )
         {
             sink.text( text );
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * Handles CDATA sections.
      *
      * <p>This is a default implementation, all data are emitted as text
      * events into the specified sink.</p>
      *
      * @param parser A parser, not null.
      * @param sink the sink to receive the events. Not null.
      * @throws org.codehaus.plexus.util.xml.pull.XmlPullParserException if there's a problem parsing the model
      */
     protected void handleCdsect( XmlPullParser parser, Sink sink )
         throws XmlPullParserException
     {
         sink.text( getText( parser ) );
     }
 
     /**
      * Handles comments.
      *
      * <p>This is a default implementation, all data are emitted as comment
      * events into the specified sink.</p>
      *
      * @param parser A parser, not null.
      * @param sink the sink to receive the events. Not null.
      * @throws org.codehaus.plexus.util.xml.pull.XmlPullParserException if there's a problem parsing the model
      */
     protected void handleComment( XmlPullParser parser, Sink sink )
         throws XmlPullParserException
     {
         sink.comment( getText( parser ).trim() );
     }
 
     /**
      * Handles entities.
      *
      * <p>This is a default implementation, all entities are resolved and emitted as text
      * events into the specified sink, except:</p>
      * <ul>
      * <li>the entities with names <code>#160</code>, <code>nbsp</code> and <code>#x00A0</code>
      * are emitted as <code>nonBreakingSpace()</code> events.</li>
      * </ul>
      *
      * @param parser A parser, not null.
      * @param sink the sink to receive the events. Not null.
      * @throws org.codehaus.plexus.util.xml.pull.XmlPullParserException if there's a problem parsing the model
      */
     protected void handleEntity( XmlPullParser parser, Sink sink )
         throws XmlPullParserException
     {
         String text = getText( parser );
 
         String name = parser.getName();
 
         if ( "#160".equals( name ) || "nbsp".equals( name ) || "#x00A0".equals( name ) )
         {
             sink.nonBreakingSpace();
         }
         else
         {
             String unescaped = HtmlTools.unescapeHTML( text );
 
             sink.text( unescaped );
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * Handles an unknown event.
      *
      * <p>This is a default implementation, all events are emitted as unknown
      * events into the specified sink.</p>
      *
      * @param parser the parser to get the event from.
      * @param sink the sink to receive the event.
      * @param type the tag event type. This should be one of HtmlMarkup.TAG_TYPE_SIMPLE,
      * HtmlMarkup.TAG_TYPE_START, HtmlMarkup.TAG_TYPE_END or HtmlMarkup.ENTITY_TYPE.
      * It will be passed as the first argument of the required parameters to the Sink
      * {@link org.apache.maven.doxia.sink.Sink#unknown(String, Object[], org.apache.maven.doxia.sink.SinkEventAttributes)}
      * method.
      */
     protected void handleUnknown( XmlPullParser parser, Sink sink, int type )
     {
         Object[] required = new Object[] { Integer.valueOf( type ) };
 
         SinkEventAttributeSet attribs = getAttributesFromParser( parser );
 
         sink.unknown( parser.getName(), required, attribs );
     }
 
     /**
      * <p>isIgnorableWhitespace.</p>
      *
      * @return <code>true</code> if whitespace will be ignored, <code>false</code> otherwise.
      * @see #setIgnorableWhitespace(boolean)
      * @since 1.1
      */
     protected boolean isIgnorableWhitespace()
     {
         return ignorableWhitespace;
     }
 
     /**
      * Specify that whitespace will be ignored. I.e.:
      * <pre>&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td/&gt; &lt;/tr&gt;</pre>
      * is equivalent to
      * <pre>&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td/&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;</pre>
      *
      * @param ignorable <code>true</code> to ignore whitespace, <code>false</code> otherwise.
      * @since 1.1
      */
     protected void setIgnorableWhitespace( boolean ignorable )
     {
         this.ignorableWhitespace = ignorable;
     }
 
     /**
      * <p>isCollapsibleWhitespace.</p>
      *
      * @return <code>true</code> if text will collapse, <code>false</code> otherwise.
      * @see #setCollapsibleWhitespace(boolean)
      * @since 1.1
      */
     protected boolean isCollapsibleWhitespace()
     {
         return collapsibleWhitespace;
     }
 
     /**
      * Specify that text will be collapsed. I.e.:
      * <pre>Text   Text</pre>
      * is equivalent to
      * <pre>Text Text</pre>
      *
      * @param collapsible <code>true</code> to allow collapsible text, <code>false</code> otherwise.
      * @since 1.1
      */
     protected void setCollapsibleWhitespace( boolean collapsible )
     {
         this.collapsibleWhitespace = collapsible;
     }
 
     /**
      * <p>isTrimmableWhitespace.</p>
      *
      * @return <code>true</code> if text will be trim, <code>false</code> otherwise.
      * @see #setTrimmableWhitespace(boolean)
      * @since 1.1
      */
     protected boolean isTrimmableWhitespace()
     {
         return trimmableWhitespace;
     }
 
     /**
      * Specify that text will be collapsed. I.e.:
      * <pre>&lt;p&gt; Text &lt;/p&gt;</pre>
      * is equivalent to
      * <pre>&lt;p&gt;Text&lt;/p&gt;</pre>
      *
      * @param trimmable <code>true</code> to allow trimmable text, <code>false</code> otherwise.
      * @since 1.1
      */
     protected void setTrimmableWhitespace( boolean trimmable )
     {
         this.trimmableWhitespace = trimmable;
     }
 
     /**
      * <p>getText.</p>
      *
      * @param parser A parser, not null.
      * @return the {@link XmlPullParser#getText()} taking care of trimmable or collapsible configuration.
      * @see XmlPullParser#getText()
      * @see #isCollapsibleWhitespace()
      * @see #isTrimmableWhitespace()
      * @since 1.1
      */
     protected String getText( XmlPullParser parser )
     {
         String text = parser.getText();
 
         if ( isTrimmableWhitespace() )
         {
             text = text.trim();
         }
 
         if ( isCollapsibleWhitespace() )
         {
             StringBuilder newText = new StringBuilder();
             String[] elts = StringUtils.split( text, " \r\n" );
             for ( int i = 0; i < elts.length; i++ )
             {
                 newText.append( elts[i] );
                 if ( ( i + 1 ) < elts.length )
                 {
                     newText.append( " " );
                 }
             }
             text = newText.toString();
         }
 
         return text;
     }
 
     /**
      * Return the defined entities in a local doctype. I.e.:
      * <pre>
      * &lt;!DOCTYPE foo [
      *   &lt;!ENTITY bar "&#38;#x160;"&gt;
      *   &lt;!ENTITY bar1 "&#38;#x161;"&gt;
      * ]&gt;
      * </pre>
      *
      * @return a map of the defined entities in a local doctype.
      * @since 1.1
      */
     protected Map<String, String> getLocalEntities()
     {
         if ( entities == null )
         {
             entities = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
         }
 
         return entities;
     }
 
     /**
      * <p>isValidate.</p>
      *
      * @return <code>true</code> if XML content will be validate, <code>false</code> otherwise.
      * @since 1.1
      */
     public boolean isValidate()
     {
         return validate;
     }
 
     /**
      * Specify a flag to validate or not the XML content.
      *
      * @param validate the validate to set
      * @see #parse(Reader, Sink)
      * @since 1.1
      */
     public void setValidate( boolean validate )
     {
         this.validate = validate;
     }
 
     // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     // Private methods
     // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     /**
      * Add an entity given by <code>entityName</code> and <code>entityValue</code> to {@link #entities}.
      * <br/>
      * By default, we exclude the default XML entities: &#38;amp;, &#38;lt;, &#38;gt;, &#38;quot; and &#38;apos;.
      *
      * @param parser not null
      * @param entityName not null
      * @param entityValue not null
      * @throws XmlPullParserException if any
      * @see {@link XmlPullParser#defineEntityReplacementText(String, String)}
      */
     private void addEntity( XmlPullParser parser, String entityName, String entityValue )
         throws XmlPullParserException
     {
         if ( entityName.endsWith( "amp" ) || entityName.endsWith( "lt" ) || entityName.endsWith( "gt" )
             || entityName.endsWith( "quot" ) || entityName.endsWith( "apos" ) )
         {
             return;
         }
 
         parser.defineEntityReplacementText( entityName, entityValue );
         getLocalEntities().put( entityName, entityValue );
     }
 
     /**
      * Handle entities defined in a local doctype as the following:
      * <pre>
      * &lt;!DOCTYPE foo [
      *   &lt;!ENTITY bar "&#38;#x160;"&gt;
      *   &lt;!ENTITY bar1 "&#38;#x161;"&gt;
      * ]&gt;
      * </pre>
      *
      * @param parser not null
      * @param text not null
      * @throws XmlPullParserException if any
      */
     private void addLocalEntities( XmlPullParser parser, String text )
         throws XmlPullParserException
     {
         int entitiesCount = StringUtils.countMatches( text, ENTITY_START );
         if ( entitiesCount > 0 )
         {
             // text should be foo [...]
             int start = text.indexOf( '[' );
             int end = text.lastIndexOf( ']' );
             if ( start != -1 && end != -1 )
             {
                 addDTDEntities( parser, text.substring( start + 1, end ) );
             }
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * Handle entities defined in external doctypes as the following:
      * <pre>
      * &lt;!DOCTYPE foo [
      *   &lt;!-- These are the entity sets for ISO Latin 1 characters for the XHTML --&gt;
      *   &lt;!ENTITY % HTMLlat1 PUBLIC "-//W3C//ENTITIES Latin 1 for XHTML//EN"
      *          "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml-lat1.ent"&gt;
      *   %HTMLlat1;
      * ]&gt;
      * </pre>
      *
      * @param parser not null
      * @param text not null
      * @throws XmlPullParserException if any
      */
     private void addDTDEntities( XmlPullParser parser, String text )
         throws XmlPullParserException
     {
         int entitiesCount = StringUtils.countMatches( text, ENTITY_START );
         if ( entitiesCount > 0 )
         {
             final String txt = StringUtils.replace( text, ENTITY_START, "\n" + ENTITY_START );
             BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader( new StringReader( txt ) );
             String line;
             String tmpLine = "";
             try
             {
                 Matcher matcher;
                 while ( ( line = reader.readLine() ) != null )
                 {
                     tmpLine += "\n" + line;
                     matcher = PATTERN_ENTITY_1.matcher( tmpLine );
                     if ( matcher.find() && matcher.groupCount() == 7 )
                     {
                         String entityName = matcher.group( 2 );
                         String entityValue = matcher.group( 5 );
 
                         addEntity( parser, entityName, entityValue );
                         tmpLine = "";
                     }
                     else
                     {
                         matcher = PATTERN_ENTITY_2.matcher( tmpLine );
                         if ( matcher.find() && matcher.groupCount() == 8 )
                         {
                             String entityName = matcher.group( 2 );
                             String entityValue = matcher.group( 5 );
 
                             addEntity( parser, entityName, entityValue );
                             tmpLine = "";
                         }
                     }
                 }
             }
             catch ( IOException e )
             {
                 // nop
             }
             finally
             {
                 IOUtil.close( reader );
             }
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * Implementation of the callback mechanism <code>EntityResolver</code>.
      * Using a mechanism of cached files in temp dir to improve performance when using the <code>XMLReader</code>.
      */
     public static class CachedFileEntityResolver
         implements EntityResolver
     {
         /** Map with systemId as key and the content of systemId as byte[]. */
         protected static final Map<String, byte[]> ENTITY_CACHE = new Hashtable<String, byte[]>();
 
         /** {@inheritDoc} */
         public InputSource resolveEntity( String publicId, String systemId )
             throws SAXException, IOException
         {
             byte[] res = ENTITY_CACHE.get( systemId );
             // already cached?
             if ( res == null )
             {
                 String systemName = FileUtils.getFile( systemId ).getName();
                 File temp = new File( System.getProperty( "java.io.tmpdir" ), systemName );
                 // maybe already as a temp file?
                 if ( !temp.exists() )
                 {
                     // is systemId a file or an url?
                     if ( systemId.toLowerCase( Locale.ENGLISH ).startsWith( "file" ) )
                     {
                         // Doxia XSDs are included in the jars, so try to find the resource systemName from
                         // the classpath...
                         String resource = "/" + systemName;
                         URL url = getClass().getResource( resource );
                         if ( url != null )
                         {
                             res = toByteArray( url );
                         }
                         else
                         {
                             throw new SAXException( "Could not find the SYSTEM entity: " + systemId
                             + " because '" + resource + "' is not available of the classpath." );
                         }
                     }
                     else
                     {
                         res = toByteArray( new URL( systemId ) );
                     }
 
                     // write systemId as temp file
                     copy( res, temp );
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     // TODO How to refresh Doxia XSDs from temp dir?
                     res = toByteArray( temp.toURI().toURL() );
                 }
 
                 ENTITY_CACHE.put( systemId, res );
             }
 
             InputSource is = new InputSource( new ByteArrayInputStream( res ) );
             is.setPublicId( publicId );
             is.setSystemId( systemId );
 
             return is;
         }
 
         /**
          * If url is not an http/https urls, call {@link IOUtil#toByteArray(java.io.InputStream)} to get the url
          * content.
          * Otherwise, use HttpClient to get the http content.
          * Wrap all internal exceptions to throw SAXException.
          *
          * @param url not null
          * @return return an array of byte
          * @throws SAXException if any
          */
         private static byte[] toByteArray( URL url )
             throws SAXException
         {
             if ( !( url.getProtocol().equalsIgnoreCase( "http" ) || url.getProtocol().equalsIgnoreCase( "https" ) ) )
             {
                 InputStream is = null;
                 try
                 {
                     is = url.openStream();
                     if ( is == null )
                     {
                         throw new SAXException( "Cannot open stream from the url: " + url.toString() );
                     }
                     return IOUtil.toByteArray( is );
                 }
                 catch ( IOException e )
                 {
                     throw new SAXException( "IOException: " + e.getMessage(), e );
                 }
                 finally
                 {
                     IOUtil.close( is );
                 }
             }
 
             // it is an HTTP url, using HttpClient...
             DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
             HttpGet method = new HttpGet( url.toString() );
             // Set a user-agent that doesn't contain the word "java", otherwise it will be blocked by the W3C
             // The default user-agent is "Apache-HttpClient/4.0.2 (java 1.5)"
             method.setHeader( "user-agent", "Apache-Doxia/" + doxiaVersion() );
 
             HttpRequestRetryHandler retryHandler = new DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler( 3, false );
             client.setHttpRequestRetryHandler( retryHandler );
 
             HttpEntity entity = null;
             try
             {
                 HttpResponse response = client.execute( method );
                 int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
                 if ( statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK )
                 {
                     throw new IOException( "The status code when accessing the URL '" + url.toString() + "' was "
                         + statusCode + ", which is not allowed. The server gave this reason for the failure '"
                         + response.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase() + "'." );
                 }
 
                 entity = response.getEntity();
                 return EntityUtils.toByteArray( entity );
             }
             catch ( ClientProtocolException e )
             {
                 throw new SAXException( "ClientProtocolException: Fatal protocol violation: " + e.getMessage(), e );
             }
             catch ( IOException e )
             {
                 throw new SAXException( "IOException: Fatal transport error: " + e.getMessage(), e );
             }
             finally
             {
                 if ( entity != null )
                 {
                     try
                     {
                         entity.consumeContent();
                     }
                     catch ( IOException e )
                     {
                         // Ignore
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
 
         /**
          * Wrap {@link IOUtil#copy(byte[], OutputStream)} to throw SAXException.
          *
          * @param res not null array of byte
          * @param f the file where to write the bytes
          * @throws SAXException if any
          * @see {@link IOUtil#copy(byte[], OutputStream)}
          */
         private void copy( byte[] res, File f )
             throws SAXException
         {
             if ( f.isDirectory() )
             {
                 throw new SAXException( "'" + f.getAbsolutePath() + "' is a directory, can not write it." );
             }
 
             OutputStream os = null;
             try
             {
                 os = new FileOutputStream( f );
                 IOUtil.copy( res, os );
             }
             catch ( IOException e )
             {
                 throw new SAXException( "IOException: " + e.getMessage(), e );
             }
             finally
             {
                 IOUtil.close( os );
             }
         }
     }
 }